分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). 熱帶; 2°S - 40°S, 20°E - 51°E
Western Indian Ocean: from the east coast of Africa, Kenya to Natal, South Africa, and Madagascar.
印度洋: 馬達加斯加 , 非洲海岸從艾佛烈港向北至波斯灣但是不在紅海, 巴基斯坦與印度的海岸, 也許對加爾各答與外海的緬甸, 但是沒有記錄。 印度洋- 西方的: 尚比西河下游三角州。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5430)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 14; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 34 - 44; 脊椎骨: 43 - 45. Diagnosis: Body compressed, belly with 16-19 pre-pelvic and 8-12 post-pelvic scutes, a total of 24-30 keeled scutes from isthmus to anus; maxilla long, reaching beyond base of first pectoral finray; first supra-maxilla a minute oval; lower gillrakers 18-24, the serrae on the inner edge in distinct clumps in larger fishes; anal fin with 3-4 unbranched rays and 31-40 branched rays; a dark blotch behind upper part of gill opening; inside of gill cavity bright orange (Ref. 189). This species overlaps the range of different other species of Thryssa, of which five have a similar maxilla, very small first supra-maxilla and overlapping gillraker counts; however of these five species, T. gautamiensis, T. malabarica, T. purava and T. whiteheadi all have the tip of the snout at or above the level of the centre of the eye, and the last two, plus T. stenosoma, have at least 38 branched anal finrays (Ref. 189).
腹面有 16 到 19+8 t 012=24 到 30个从峡部到肛门的有龙骨的鳞甲。 颚骨长的, 超过第一个胸鳍鳍条的基底; 细小的, 椭圆形第一个上颚骨。 在内缘上下鳃耙有锯齿形成明显的一丛在较大的鱼中。 在鳃裂的上半部后面的一个黑色斑块; 在鳃腔之内鲜橘色的。
A coastal, pelagic species (Ref. 28), apparently common along shore and in estuaries (Ref. 5430). Presumably schooling, occurring inshore and entering estuaries and lagoons, perhaps used as nursery areas, but moving further out in rainy seasons when coastal waters are freshened up by rivers (Ref. 189). It feeds on plankton organisms (Ref. 28). May be caught using ringnets (Ref. 5213). Generally marketed fresh, may be salted or dried (Ref. 5284).
推测为群游, 出现于沿海地区和进入河口与泻湖 (也许作为繁殖区), 但是当沿岸水域被河变淡的时候在雨季进一步向外移动。 可能是使用环状网捕捉。 (参考文献 5213) 通常在市场上销售生鲜地了, 可能是盐腌或乾燥的.(参考文献 5284)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度洋: 馬達加斯加 , 非洲海岸從艾佛烈港向北至波斯灣但是不在紅海, 巴基斯坦與印度的海岸, 也許對加爾各答與外海的緬甸, 但是沒有記錄。 印度洋- 西方的: 尚比西河下游三角州。
Hata, H. and H. Motomura, 2019. Two new species of Thrissina (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) from the northern Indian Ocean and redescription of Thrissina vitrirostris (Gilchrist and Thompson 1908). Ichthyol. Res. 67(1):155-166 (Ref. 128122)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.3, mean 27.4 °C (based on 294 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00309 - 0.00850), b=3.15 (3.01 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
