分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Aulopiformes (Grinners) >
Anotopteridae (Daggertooth)
Etymology: Anotopterus: Greek, a = without + Greek, noton = back + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref. 45335); nikparini: Named for Nikolai V. Parin.
Eponymy: Professor Dr Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin (1932–2012). (see Parin, also see Nik) (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 深度上下限 0 - 2750 m (Ref. 31260), usually 0 - 700 m (Ref. 31260). 溫帶
North Pacific: Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska; south in Pacific waters to about 25°N, south of Baja California and Japan.
北太平洋: 白令海與阿拉斯加灣; 南方在太平洋的水域到大約 25 ° N ，下加利福尼亞南方與日本。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 146 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6885); 最大体重: 1.7 kg (Ref. 6885)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 14 - 17; 脊椎骨: 78 - 80. Dark brownish, silvery ventrally; paired fins and caudal fin uniformly black. Body extremely elongate. Large adults with a pair of dermal keels midlaterally on each side. Small, flexible projection at tip of lower jaw. Gill membranes joined forward, below anterior edge of eye, and free from isthmus. No rayed dorsal fin. No scales (Ref. 43939). In adults, head depth 29-33% of lower jaw length. Postorbital area 8.1-9.7% SL or 34.4-38.8% (less than 3 times smaller than HL). Rear edge of gill cover overlaps with the vertical of the 5th vertebrae. Postadipose distance 7-8% SL (Ref. 31260).
深褐色的, 银色的腹地; 偶鳍与尾鳍均匀黑色。 身体非常地延长。 在两边上侧面中央地大的成鱼有一对表皮的龙骨脊。 在下颌的顶端的小又柔韧有弹性的突出。 向前地被参加的鳃膜 , 眼的前缘下方, 而且与峡部分离。 没有有鳍条的背鳍。 没有鳞片.(参考文献 43939) 当成鱼时, 头部深度 29-33% 的下颌长度。 眼眶后的区域 8.1-9.7% SL 或 34.4-38.8%.(少于 3 倍于 HL) 鳃盖的后缘与第 5个脊椎骨的垂直者部分重叠。 Postadipose 距离 7-8% SL.(参考文献 31260)
Found in a wide range of depths, sometimes near surface (Ref. 2850) to below 2,000 m. Larger adults inhabit colder water toward the poles, whereas, the young and smaller adults inhabit more temperate regions (Ref. 35956). Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, marine worms, coelenterates, salps, and fishes (Ref. 4525, 6885). Its distensible body wall and large stomach can accommodate prey up to half of its own length. Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 35956). Preyed upon by albacore, Pacific lancetfish, halibut, steelhead salmon, blue shark, pomfret, and whales (Ref. 6885).
发现于宽范围的深度了, 有时近表面的 (参考文献 2850) 到在 2,000 公尺之下。 较大的成鱼居住于流向北极的寒冷水域, 然而, 栖息于较温暖的区域幼鱼与较小的成鱼.(参考文献 35956) 捕食软件动物，甲壳动物，海洋蠕虫，腔肠动物，被囊动物与鱼。 (参考文献 4525,6885) 它的扩大体表与大的腹部能方便狩猎达到一半的它自己的长度。 卵生的, 仔鱼为浮游性.(参考文献 35956) 被巴鲣鱼，太平洋柳叶鱼，大比目鱼，鲑鲑鱼，蓝色鲨鱼，乌鲂与鲸捕食了。 (参考文献 6885)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 35956).北太平洋: 白令海與阿拉斯加灣; 南方在太平洋的水域到大約 25 ° N ，下加利福尼亞南方與日本。
Kukuev, E.I., 1998. Systematics and distribution in the world ocean of daggertooth fishes of the genus Anotopterus (Anotopteridae, Aulopiformes). J. Ichthyol. 38(9):716-729. (Ref. 31260)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.4 - 15.3, mean 5.7 °C (based on 3019 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
