分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Centrarchiformes (Basses) >
Kuhliidae (Aholeholes)
Etymology: Kuhlia: Because of Heindrich Kuhl, 1797-1821; researcher also with lizards (Gekkonidae).
Eponymy: Dr Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821) was a German naturalist and zoologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 深度上下限 1 - 22 m (Ref. 58302), usually 1 - 5 m (Ref. 58302). 亞熱帶的
Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to Hawaii.
中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 18.8, range 18 - 20 cm
Max length : 22.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 41640)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 12; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 11. Preorbital serrae 11-18; body depth 2.3-2.7 in SL; dorsal profile of head of adults slightly concave; eye large, 2.6-2.95 in head length; second anal spine 86-98% length of third spine; pelvic spine 2.2-2.5 in head length; caudal concavity 1.8-2.0 in head length. Silvery, caudal fin dusky to dark gray with a narrow black posterior margin and often a pale band (Ref. 41640).
眶前骨锯齿 11-18; 体高 2.3-2.7 分之一标准体长; 成鱼的头部的背面轮廓些微地凹曲; 眼大的,2.6-2.95 分之一头长; 第三根棘的第二臀鳍棘 86-98% 长度; 腹棘 2.2-2.5 分之一头长; 尾部的凹洼 1.8-2.0 分之一头长。 银色的, 尾鳍暗色的到深灰色具有一个狭窄的黑色后缘与时常一条灰白的条纹.(参考文献 41640)
Found in brackish water, tide pools, over sand, and near rocks and reef in estuaries, back-reefs, or areas of strong surge (Ref. 58302). Inshore species, often seen in schools (Ref. 41640). Adults nocturnal (Ref. 41640).
沿海地区种, 时常在鱼群中见到。 (参考文献 41640) 成鱼夜行的.(参考文献 41640)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種。
Randall, J.E. and H.A. Randall, 2001. Review of the fishes of the genus Kuhlia (Perciformes: Kuhliidae) of the Central Pacific. Pac. Sci. 55(3):227-256. (Ref. 41640)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 25.6, mean 25.3 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00996 - 0.03998), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.25 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
