分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Anguilliformes (Eels and morays)
鰻目 (Eels and morays) >
Muraenidae (Moray eels)
鯙科 (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 30573). 热带; 30°N - 25°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa (Ref. 33390) to the Marquesas and Oeno Atoll (Pitcairn Group), north to the Ryukyu and Hawaiian islands, south to New Caledonia and the Austral Islands.
印度-太平洋: 红海与东非 (参考文献 33390) 到马可萨斯岛与奥埃诺群岛环礁 (皮特凯恩岛群), 北至琉球与夏威夷群岛, 南至新加勒多尼亚与奥斯垂群岛。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); 最大体重: 30.0 kg (Ref. 30404)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 脊椎骨: 137 - 143. Juveniles are tan with numerous large black spots. Adults have black specks that grade into leopard-like spots behind the head and a black area surrounding the gill opening.
稚鱼是黄褐色的有很多的大黑色斑点。 成鱼有逐渐变成的黑色的斑点豹纹状的斑点在头部后面与一个黑色的区域围住鳃裂。
Found in lagoon and seaward reefs. Commonly seen species along deep drop-offs and slopes in Indonesian waters (Ref. 48635). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Juveniles more secretive and occur on intertidal reef flats (Ref. 37816). It feeds primarily on fishes and occasionally on crustaceans. This is the largest Indo-Pacific moray eel (Ref. 30404), perhaps reaching 3 m in length. Because of its position at the top of the reef's food chain it is often ciguatoxic. Attacks humans when provoked (Ref. 3132). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 10713. Solitary in reef holes (Ref 90102).
发现于泻湖与临海礁石了。 通常在印度尼西亚的水域沿着深的海峭壁与斜坡见到种.(参考文献 48635) 稚鱼更躲躲藏藏的而且生存在潮间带的礁石平台上面.(参考文献 37816) 它主要捕食鱼与偶然地吃甲壳动物。 这是最大的印度-太平洋的海鳗 (参考文献 30404), 也许达到 3 公尺长。 由于它的位置在礁的食物的顶端用铁链锁住它时常有西加毒的。 攻击人类当被激怒时.(参考文献 3132) 最小深度报告取自参考文献 10713.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Observations on prespawning behavior include a pair entwined around one another lying on the bottom of the reef area (Ref. 93344).印度-太平洋: 红海与东非 (参考文献 33390) 到马可萨斯岛与奥埃诺群岛环礁 (皮特凯恩岛群), 北至琉球与夏威夷群岛, 南至新加勒多尼亚与奥斯垂群岛。
Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 902 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00052 (0.00033 - 0.00084), b=3.28 (3.15 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Fec = 200,000-300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [6.4, 22.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.337 [0.184, 0.805] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.0798 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 66.2 [30.4, 144.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33.1 [8.1, 132.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.763 [0.513, 1.122] mg/100g (wet weight);
