Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской; солоноватоводный ассоциированный с рифами; пределы глубины 1 - 30 m (Ref. 34095). Subtropical; 25°S - 38°S
Western Pacific: Queensland to Victoria, Australia.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 4690)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 15 - 16; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 7 - 9; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 5; позвонки: 26 - 27. Presence of a large horizontal spine below the eye, a dorsal fin which originates just behind the posterior edge of the eye, and venomous dorsal spines.
Found in seagrass beds in estuaries (extremely common during reproductive season in the austral Spring) and coastal bays, and sponge gardens on inshore reefs. Venomous dorsal spines often inflict a painful sting to fishers (Ref. 34095, 39597). Of no commercial importance but often entrapped in fishing gears such as trawls and can be dangerous to fishermen who attempt to remove these (Ref. 39597).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Использование человеком
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.6 - 24.2, mean 20.7 °C (based on 105 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 51.7 [17.2, 144.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.661 [0.315, 1.457] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.1, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.348 [0.142, 0.957] g/100g; Selenium = 10.4 [4.3, 25.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 104 [31, 354] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.37 [0.86, 2.17] mg/100g (wet weight);
