Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 30 m (Ref. 128797). Tropical; 30°N - 24°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Tuamoto Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5213); common length : 23.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9948)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 11; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 12 - 14; Εδρικές άκανθες: 4; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 8 - 9. Body iridescent silvery with dark red or black mark on each scale (Ref. 4201). Spinous portion of dorsal fin black; soft dorsal, anal and caudal fins reddish yellow; pectoral fins pink, pelvic fins white (Ref. 4201). Lower jaw strongly projecting
Inhabits subtidal reef flats and lagoon and seaward reefs to depths of at least 20 m. Found singly or in small groups in coral-rich areas (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on benthic crabs and shrimps. Large spine at the corner of preopercle is venomous. It raises or flashes its distinctly marked dorsal fin to startle possible predator (Ref. 48635).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Human uses
αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2891 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.00766 - 0.03278), b=2.97 (2.79 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.5 [24.5, 157.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.626 [0.258, 1.265] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.6, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.061, 0.336] g/100g; Selenium = 30.3 [18.5, 55.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 69.8 [27.4, 178.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.8, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
