Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 400 - 1500 m (Ref. 127764). Deep-water
Southern Ocean: islands of the Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea, Prydz Bay and the Ross Sea. A separate subspecies may be present in the Ross Sea population, but this needs more evidence (Ref. 5179). Reported from Olaf Prydz Bay, Mackenzie Sea, Indian sector of the Antarctic (Ref. 44178).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 44.3 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 124149); 33.6 cm TL (female); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 563.60 g (Ref. 124149)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 34; Sirip dubur lunak: 30. Gray with violet hue and lighter below with metallic luster. In alcohol, purplish gray or light brown dorsally (Ref. 11892).
Feeds on zooplankton. The storage of lipids in cells of adipose tissue as well as the reduced calcification of the skeleton provide buoyancy to this species.
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -0.2 - 1.2, mean 0.9 °C (based on 21 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00330 - 0.00835), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 27.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
