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Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Trematominae
Etymology: Trematomus: Greek, trematos = hole + Greek, tomo = section, cut (Ref. 45335); bernacchii: Species name bernacchii honors Louis Bernarcchi, an Australian physicist-meteorologist; specimen collected on the Southern Cross Expedition and served on Scott's 1901 expedition (Ref. 45168).
Eponymy: Louis Charles ‘Bunny’ Bernacchi (1876–1942) was a physicist and astronomer who took part in several expeditions to Antarctica. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Boulenger.
Issue
The genus Pseudotrematomus is a synonym of Trematomus, which is confirmed by a molecular study to be published (J.-C. Hureau, pers. comm. 08 Jun. 2010).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 700 m (Ref. 11892), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 45168). Polar; 61°S - 78°S
Southern Ocean: Peter Island, South Shetland, Elephant and South Orkney islands. Mac-Robertson, Queen Mary, Adelie Coasts, Weddell, Davis and Ross seas. East Antarctica from Queen Maud Land to Terre Adelie.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5179); 35.0 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2121); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 10 Tahun (Ref. 5179)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 4 - 6; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 34 - 39; Sirip dubur lunak: 31 - 35. Body brownish, large dark spots in two or three series on body. Spinous dorsal blackish in upper part (Ref. 11892).
Found in seafloors, well adapted to extremely low and stable temperatures (-1.86°C), annual mean temperature of McMurdo Sound) (Ref. 45168). Feed on polychaetes, gastropods, isopods, amphipods and few algae. Spawn once a year (Ref. 1071). Utilized for human consumption.
Although members of this Family are known to tend to egg masses, it is assumed that because of the high fecundity, this species is a non-guarder (RF), to be corrected if direct information becomes available.
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.8 - -0.8, mean -1.7 °C (based on 2076 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00279 - 0.01033), b=3.24 (3.08 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.9 (2.0 - 12.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.19-0.91; tm=3-6; tmax=10; Fec=1,200-3,123).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.4 [18.6, 70.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.456 [0.206, 0.860] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.3, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.417 [0.228, 0.727] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [6.7, 32.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [3.5, 70.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.515 [0.356, 0.761] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
