Ελασμοβράγχιοι (καρχαρίες και σαλάχια) (sharks and rays) >
Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) >
Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back (See ETYFish); ramalheira: In honor of João Ramalheira, captain of the trawler from which holotype was collected, and “who has brought in much valuable scientific material” [presumably a noun in apposition, without the patronymic “i”] (See ETYFish).
More on author: Smith.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 40 - 305 m (Ref. 106604), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 43278). Deep-water; 22°N - 26°S, 30°E - 60°E
Western Indian Ocean: off southern Mozambique and Natal, South Africa (Ref. 5578), also off the eastern shore of the Arabian Peninsula.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 247); 83.0 cm TL (female)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 2; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0. Dark red-brown with scattered white spots (Ref. 6576).
Found on the outer continental shelf and uppermost slopes (Ref. 247, 43278). Benthic (Ref. 43278). Feeds on crabs (Ref. 5578, 43278). Oviparous (Ref. 50449).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic
Human uses
αλιεία: χωρίς ενδιαφέρον; Ενυδρείο: Δημόσια ενυδρεία
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.9 - 21.8, mean 19.1 °C (based on 15 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00165 - 0.00876), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).