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Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) > Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) > Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back. (See ETYFish); ramalheira: In honor of João Ramalheira, captain of the trawler from which holotype was collected, and “who has brought in much valuable scientific material” [presumably a noun in apposition, without the patronymic “i”]. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Smith.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino demersal; rango de profundidad 40 - 305 m (Ref. 106604), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 43278). Deep-water; 22°N - 26°S, 30°E - 60°E

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: off southern Mozambique and Natal, South Africa (Ref. 5578), also off the eastern shore of the Arabian Peninsula.

Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 247); 83.0 cm TL (female)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 2; Espinas anales: 0. Dark red-brown with scattered white spots (Ref. 6576).

Found on the outer continental shelf and uppermost slopes (Ref. 247, 43278). Benthic (Ref. 43278). Feeds on crabs (Ref. 5578, 43278). Oviparous (Ref. 50449).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 24 April 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic

Human uses

Pesquerías: sin interés; Acuario: Acuarios públicos

FAO - pesquerías: species profile; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 17.9 - 21.8, mean 19.1 °C (based on 15 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00166 - 0.00872), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.60 se; based on food items.

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).

Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)