分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海 底生の; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 1 - 150 m (Ref. 114953). Subtropical; 24°S - 41°S, 63°W - 55°W (Ref. 114953)
Western South Atlantic: From Rio de Janeiro to Argentina.
サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 138 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 57911); common length : 60.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 6077)
Nostrils are longer, crown is flat transversely or even slightly convex, tubercles in median row are larger, thorn like, numerous. Origin of first dorsal is posterior to the tips of pelvic fins, equal to the base of first dorsal. Upper surface uniform olive gray or chocolate brown, without pale or dark markings. Snout with an oval sooty patch (Ref. 6902).
Found from the coast line to the continental edge. Females mature at ca. 90 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Feeds on crustaceans, cephalopods, polychaetes and small fishes. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces litters of 4-12 pups (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
Human uses
水産業: 商業
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.6 - 22.7, mean 15.6 °C (based on 248 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00282 (0.00135 - 0.00588), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常に低い, 14年以上の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Fec=4-12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).