分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 70 m (Ref. 58047), usually 2 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). 熱帶; 33°N - 35°S, 98°W - 19°E
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southern Florida, USA to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola, including St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121), Cape Verde, St. Helena and Ascension islands. One record from Cape of Good Hope, South Africa (Ref. 7320).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國佛羅里達南部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉，包括聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，維德角，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島。 一個記錄來自南非好望角。 (參考文獻 7320)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26999); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3632)
背棘 (總數) : 3; 背的軟條 (總數) : 23 - 25. Pale spots about the size of the pupil or smaller on body and some on dorsal fin (Ref. 13442).
灰白的斑點大小大約等於瞳孔或在身體上比較小的與在背鰭上一些.(參考文獻 13442)
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. A solitary species (Ref. 26340) inhabiting shallow water on bottoms with eroded limestone or mixed sand and rocks, as well as around reefs. Often found lying motionless against rocks (Ref. 13121). Secretes copious mucus which makes its surface slimy and when disturbed the slime turns into a soapy foam. The mucus has been shown to contain a toxic protein (Ref. 3632). Nocturnal, frequently seen around the bases of coral colonies and near mouths of caves (Ref. 26938).
一種獨居性種 (參考文獻 26340) 居住於在底部上的淺水區，有侵蝕石灰石或混合的沙子與岩石的地方, 以及礁的周圍。 時常發現躺著不動依靠著岩石.(參考文獻 13121) 隱秘製造它的表面黏滑的很多的黏液，而且黏液變成肥皂的泡沫當被驚擾時。 黏液已經被顯示包含有毒的蛋白質。 (參考文獻 3632) 夜行的, 時常珊瑚集群的基底的周圍與在洞穴口的附近見到.(參考文獻 26938)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國佛羅里達南部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉，包括聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，維德角，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島。 一個記錄來自南非好望角。 (參考文獻 7320)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 August 2012
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 708 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00443 - 0.02975), b=3.06 (2.84 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.1 [24.7, 79.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.521 [0.280, 0.880] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.161 [0.109, 0.241] g/100g; Selenium = 31.1 [18.7, 55.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 112 [39, 351] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.74, 1.50] mg/100g (wet weight);
