分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holostei >
Lepisosteiformes (Gars)
雀鱔目 (Gars) >
Lepisosteidae (Gars)
雀鱔科 (Gars)
Etymology: Lepisosteus: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, osteon = bone; bony sacled (Ref. 45335); osseus: From the word osseus, meaning bony (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 25.0; dH range: 10 - 15; 深度上下限 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225), usually 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225). 溫帶; 12°C - 20°C (Ref. 2060); 48°N - 23°N, 99°W - 69°W (Ref. 55225)
North and Central America: Atlantic Slope from Delaware River in New Jersey to central Florisa; St. Lawrence River in Quebec through Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin to Red River (Hudson Bay basin), North Dakota, and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainages from central Florida to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and Mexico.
中美洲與北美洲: 沿著海岸與內陸的從魁北克到墨西哥北部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 66.9 range ? - 80 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 17.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大體重: 22.8 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年齡: 36 年 (Ref. 12193)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 6 - 9; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 10. Long narrow snout. Olivaceous brown above and white below. Dark spots on median fins and on body (Ref. 37032). Scales ganoid: thin bony scutes on leading edges of unpaired fins, and on both edges of caudal fin (Ref. 4639).
長的狹窄吻。 背面橄欖褐色而腹面白色的。 在中央的鰭與身體上的深色斑點.(參考文獻 37032) 鱗片硬鱗: 在不成對鰭的前緣上的細的骨質鱗甲, 與在尾鰭的兩邊上.(參考文獻 4639)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults occur in sluggish pools, backwaters and oxbows of medium to large rivers, and lakes (Ref. 10294). Usually found near vegetation. Occasionally found in brackish waters. Spawning occur in freshwater and possibly slightly brackish water (Ref. 4639). Migrate up rivers during the spawning season (Ref. 4639). Eggs and larvae are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 4639). Voracious predator, feeding on various fishes and crustaceans. The roe is poisonous.
成魚出現在中型到大型河川的滯水潭，洄水區與牛軛彎 , 與湖。 (參考文獻 10294) 通常發現於植物附近。 偶然地發現於半鹹淡水域.。 產卵出現在淡水與可能地些微地半淡鹹水.(參考文獻 4639) 在產卵季節的時候向上洄游到河。 (參考文獻 4639) 卵與仔魚是底棲與聚集在一起的。 (參考文獻 4639) 狼吞虎嚥的掠食者,吃各種不同的魚與甲殼動物。 魚白是有毒的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
中美洲與北美洲: 沿著海岸與內陸的從魁北克到墨西哥北部。
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 November 2018
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00126 (0.00061 - 0.00262), b=3.19 (2.99 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3-6; tmax=36; Fec=1,110).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.9 [20.7, 68.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.887 [0.535, 1.485] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.7, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.266 [0.160, 0.452] g/100g; Selenium = 48.4 [27.2, 91.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.85 [2.62, 18.68] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.456 [0.333, 0.653] mg/100g (wet weight);
