Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
; Água doce; estuarina demersal; pH range: 7.0 - 25.0; dH range: 10 - 15; intervalo de profundidade 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225), usually 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225). Subtropical; 12°C - 20°C (Ref. 2060); 48°N - 23°N, 99°W - 69°W (Ref. 55225)
North and Central America: Atlantic Slope from Delaware River in New Jersey to central Florisa; St. Lawrence River in Quebec through Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin to Red River (Hudson Bay basin), North Dakota, and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainages from central Florida to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and Mexico.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 66.9 range ? - 80 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 17.5 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 12193); peso máx. publicado: 22.8 kg (Ref. 4699); idade máx. registrada: 36 anos (Ref. 12193)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 6 - 9; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 8 - 10. Long narrow snout. Olivaceous brown above and white below. Dark spots on median fins and on body (Ref. 37032). Scales ganoid: thin bony scutes on leading edges of unpaired fins, and on both edges of caudal fin (Ref. 4639).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults occur in sluggish pools, backwaters and oxbows of medium to large rivers, and lakes (Ref. 10294). Usually found near vegetation. Occasionally found in brackish waters. Spawning occur in freshwater and possibly slightly brackish water (Ref. 4639). Migrate up rivers during the spawning season (Ref. 4639). Eggs and larvae are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 4639). Voracious predator, feeding on various fishes and crustaceans. The roe is poisonous.
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Other
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe esportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00126 (0.00061 - 0.00262), b=3.19 (2.99 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tm=3-6; tmax=36; Fec=1,110).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.9 [20.7, 68.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.887 [0.535, 1.485] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.7, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.266 [0.160, 0.452] g/100g; Selenium = 48.4 [27.2, 91.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.85 [2.62, 18.68] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.456 [0.333, 0.653] mg/100g (wet weight);
