Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale; amfidromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 100 m (Ref. 9830). Tropical; 30°N - 11°S, 49°E - 127°E
Indo-West Pacific: Sri Lanka and the Bay of Bengal to Indonesia.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7238); common length : 50.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7238)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Spine anali: 0; Vertebre: 143 - 149. Mouth very large, upper jaw reaches well behind eye (Ref. 4832). Length of pectoral fin about 3.2 in head; lateral line pores before anus 41-42; dorsal fin rays before anus 70-75 (Ref. 9830). Dorsal fin inserted before gill-openings (Ref. 4832).
Found in coastal waters and in estuaries, over soft bottoms. Nocturnal, feeding mainly on bottom fishes and crustaceans. Marketed mainly fresh; no separate statistics available (Ref. 7238; 9830). Minimum depth assumed from its ecology.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Castle, P.H.J., 1984. Muraenesocidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Volume III. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7238)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.4 °C (based on 1220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00155 (0.00068 - 0.00355), b=2.92 (2.72 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 89.6 [55.9, 148.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.863 [0.557, 1.327] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.1, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.206 [0.093, 0.543] g/100g; Selenium = 72.7 [40.5, 137.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [5.6, 39.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.04 [0.79, 1.40] mg/100g (wet weight);
