Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 10 - 100 m (Ref. 120290). Subtropical; 44°N - 4°N, 19°W - 36°E
Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm 8.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 120290); common length : 12.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3397)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 0. Upper eye less than its own diameter from dorsal profile of head. Anterior nostril on blind side not enlarged. Dorsal fin beginning before eyes, with 50-58 fin rays. Pectoral fin on eyed side with 5-6 unbranched fin rays., absent on blind side. Anal fin rays 40-45. Caudal fin separate from last dorsal and anal fin rays. Eyed side greyish or reddish brown.
Demersal, neritic over soft bottoms; usually between 10 and 100 m depth. Feeds on benthic organisms, A bycatch species, caught occasionally to rarely with trawls (Ref. 120290).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Bariche, M., 2012. Field identification guide to the living marine resources of the Eastern and Southern Mediterranean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome, FAO. 2012. 610 pp. (Ref. 120290)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
Special reports
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.3 - 19.4, mean 15.7 °C (based on 184 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00466 - 0.02049), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ສູງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງໜ້ອຍກວ່າ 15 ເດືອນ (K=0.38).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 150 [54, 332] mg/100g; Iron = 1.11 [0.46, 2.31] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.5, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.186 [0.094, 0.344] g/100g; Selenium = 24.4 [11.9, 54.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [3.1, 43.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.798 [0.507, 1.201] mg/100g (wet weight);
