分類 / Names
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Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Prosopium: Greek, prosopon = face (Ref. 45335); cylindraceum: cylindraceum meaning like a cylinder (Ref. 1998).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の漂泳性; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 4 - 72 m (Ref. 1998), usually ? - 37 m (Ref. 1998). Temperate; 2°C - 18°C (Ref. 1998); 72°N - 41°N, 103°E - 56°W (Ref. 86798)
North America: Arctic and Pacific drainages from western Hudson Bay in Canada to Alaska and northern British Columbia, Canada; Arctic and Atlantic drainages from Quebec and Ontario in Canada to Connecticut in USA; St. Lawrence-Great Lakes basin in Canada-USA (except Lake Erie). Northern Asia: widely distributed in Siberian rivers (Ref. 26334).
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 30.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 59.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 40637); common length : 28.6 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 12193); 最大公表体重: 2.7 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大記録サイズ: 16 年 (Ref. 28860)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 11 - 15; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 10 - 13. Body slender, elongate, almost cylindrical in cross section, posteriorly somewhat compressed laterally, greatest depth in front of the dorsal fin. Head relatively short; eye moderate, its diameter less than snout length; snout pointed, "pinched" or compressed laterally, rounded in lateral view, a single flap of skin present between the nostrils; mouth small, ventral in position, overhung by snout; maxillaries extending posteriorly almost to anterior margin or eye in adults. This species has more color than most coregonids. Overall coloration of adults almost silvery, silvery white below. Scales specially on back, with well-defined, dark pigmented borders, making them conspicuous. Pectoral fins are amber in color, slight amber tint also to pelvic and anal fins. Pectoral fins take on an orange tint during spawning, the pelvic and anal fins also to a lesser extent. the adipose fin is usually brown spotted, particularly in specimens from central and eastern Canada. Two or more longitudinal rows of black spots are present on the sides of young specimen.
Inhabits shallow areas of lakes and clear streams and rarely enters brackish water (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also in rivers with swift current and stony bottom. Migration is limited to movements associated with spawning (Ref. 27547). Epipelagic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on benthic invertebrates and occasionally on fishes (Ref. 1998) and fish eggs (Ref. 593). One specimen taken from a depth of 218.9 m in eastern Lake Superior, off Grand Marais, Michigan (Ref. 1998).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
There are inshore and upstream movements (Ref. 28863) that may be related to spawning (Ref. 27547). Swims in pairs during spawning (Ref. 28858). Also Ref. 28803.
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Human uses
水産業: 少数商業の; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00318 - 0.00827), b=3.23 (3.09 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.4 (3.4 - 9.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低い, ４．５年～１４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=5-7; tmax=16; Fec=1,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
