Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 10 - 110 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C; 35°N - 36°S, 19°E - 137°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and the east African coast (30° to about 50°S) to Australia and Tahiti, north to the Ryukyu Islands (Ref. 27956).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5525); common length : 15.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5450)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 8; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 15 - 17; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 13 - 14.
Found in shallow inshore coastal waters over silty bottoms (Ref. 30573, 90102). Young enters mangrove estuaries or silty reef areas (Ref. 4833, 90102). Searches for prey using a protruding pipette-like mouth or by sieving potential food through their gill rakers (Ref. 26569). Feeds on small fishes, shrimps, other crustaceans, and polychaetes. Sold fresh and dried salted; also made into fishmeal.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
James, P.S.B.R., 1984. Leiognathidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 2. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3424)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1548 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01227 - 0.02048), b=3.04 (2.97 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.0 (0.9 - 1.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.70-1.30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 253 [100, 601] mg/100g; Iron = 1.83 [1.01, 3.26] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.0, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.339 [0.185, 0.630] g/100g; Selenium = 56.4 [26.8, 116.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.3 [8.9, 85.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.4 [0.9, 2.1] mg/100g (wet weight);
