分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 700 m (Ref. 50593), usually ? - 91 m (Ref. 2850). 溫帶; 67°N - 35°N, 130°E - 125°W (Ref. 54599)
North Pacific: Korea and the Sea of Japan to the Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, and Barkley Sound, Canada. Reported from the Alaskan Beaufort Sea (Ref. 28503).
北太平洋: 韓國與日本海到鄂霍次克海，白令海與 Barkley 聽在加拿大。 記錄來自阿拉斯加的碧佛海洋了。 (參考文獻 28503)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 27.3, range 21 - 32 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 56370); common length : 33.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4883); 最大體重: 1.7 kg (Ref. 56527); 最大年齡: 34 年 (Ref. 55701)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 61 - 69; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 48 - 58; 脊椎骨: 39 - 40. Dorsal origin above posterior part of eye. Caudal rounded at edges. Pectorals bluntly pointed.
在眼的較後面的部分上面的背鰭起點。 在邊緣的尾鰭圓的。 胸鰭頓尖的。
Adults feed on hydroids, worms, mollusks, and brittle stars (Ref. 6885). Marketed frozen and eaten fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
吃水息蟲，蠕蟲，軟體動物與海星。 (參考文獻 6885) 在市場上冷凍銷售了，而且油炸後食用, 微波了而且燒烤了。 (參考文獻 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Each individual spawns from 8 to 11 batches (Ref. 39301). Spawning occurs primarily in shallow water but for large females spawning may take place in waters to a depth of around 50 m (Ref. 119537). Undergoes spawning and feeding migration (Ref. 119537).北太平洋: 韓國與日本海到鄂霍次克海，白令海與 Barkley 聽在加拿大。 記錄來自阿拉斯加的碧佛海洋了。 (參考文獻 28503)
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 November 2020
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.2 - 6.1, mean 3.4 °C (based on 33 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00722 - 0.00958), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.8 (6.8 - 11.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 12
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1-0.15; tm=4-10; tmax=34; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 7 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.4 [5.7, 51.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.246 [0.127, 0.464] mg/100g; Protein = 15.7 [13.4, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.36 [0.18, 0.74] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.6, 46.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.24 [1.88, 45.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.298 [0.160, 0.721] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
