分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 700 m (Ref. 50593), usually ? - 91 m (Ref. 2850). 溫帶; 67°N - 35°N, 130°E - 125°W (Ref. 54599)
North Pacific: Korea and the Sea of Japan to the Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, and Barkley Sound, Canada. Reported from the Alaskan Beaufort Sea (Ref. 28503).
北太平洋: 韓國與日本海到鄂霍次克海，白令海與 Barkley 聽在加拿大。 記錄來自阿拉斯加的碧佛海洋了。 (參考文獻 28503)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 27.3, range 21 - 32 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 56370); common length : 33.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4883); 最大体重: 1.7 kg (Ref. 56527); 最大年龄: 34 年 (Ref. 55701)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 61 - 69; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 48 - 58; 脊椎骨: 39 - 40. Dorsal origin above posterior part of eye. Caudal rounded at edges. Pectorals bluntly pointed.
在眼的较后面的部分上面的背鳍起点。 在边缘的尾鳍圆的。 胸鳍顿尖的。
Adults feed on hydroids, worms, mollusks, and brittle stars (Ref. 6885). Marketed frozen and eaten fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
吃水息虫，蠕虫，软件动物与海星。 (参考文献 6885) 在市场上冷冻销售了，而且油炸后食用, 微波了而且烧烤了。 (参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Each individual spawns from 8 to 11 batches (Ref. 39301). Spawning occurs primarily in shallow water but for large females spawning may take place in waters to a depth of around 50 m (Ref. 119537). Undergoes spawning and feeding migration (Ref. 119537).北太平洋: 韓國與日本海到鄂霍次克海，白令海與 Barkley 聽在加拿大。 記錄來自阿拉斯加的碧佛海洋了。 (參考文獻 28503)
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.2 - 6.1, mean 3.4 °C (based on 33 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00722 - 0.00958), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.8 (6.8 - 11.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 12
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1-0.15; tm=4-10; tmax=34; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 7 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.4 [5.7, 51.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.246 [0.127, 0.464] mg/100g; Protein = 15.7 [13.4, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.36 [0.18, 0.74] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.6, 46.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.24 [1.88, 45.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.298 [0.160, 0.721] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
