分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Stolephorus: Greek, stole, -es = garment + Greek, pherein = to carry (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Information by locality and reference are being linked to respective valid species: balinensis, belaerius, commersonnii, scitulius (Ref. 123745).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 海洋洄游的; 深度上下限 20 - 50 m (Ref. 28016). 熱帶; 30°N - 37°S, 23°E - 144°W (Ref. 189)
Indian Ocean: from the Red Sea to Ranong and Phuket, Thailand.
印度-太平洋: 紅海與南非, 包括波斯灣, 馬達加斯加與模里西斯向東至香港, 阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819), 北部與澳洲的東岸與進一步的東至美屬薩摩亞與大溪地島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 9.0, range 12 - ? cm
Max length : 15.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30573); common length : 12.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30573)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 17; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 19 - 21. Diagnosis: Body slender, elongate, rather round in cross-section, belly rounded, with 2-6 small needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; maxilla tip pointed, reaching to or only just beyond front border of pre-operculum; hind border of pre-operculum convex, rounded; lower gillrakers 20-28; isthmus muscle tapering evenly forward to hind border of branchial membrane; pelvic fin tips not reaching to below dorsal fin origin; anal fin short, with usually 3 unbranched and 16-18 branched finrays, its origin below centre of dorsal fin base; body light transparent fleshy brown, with a silver stripe down flank; no dark pigment lines on back between head and dorsal fin (Ref. 189). Other species with such a short maxilla are Stolephorus advenus, with 7 pre-pelvic scutes, and S. pacificus, with 35-38 gillrakers; maxilla to or almost to hind border of pre-operculum in other Stolephorus species (Ref. 189).
腹面有 2 到 6個小的針狀前腹鰭鱗甲。 顎骨頂端尖的, 延伸到或正好超過前鰓蓋的前緣; 前鰓蓋凸狀的後部邊緣,圓的。 峽部肌肉尖端細的均勻地向前到鰓蓋膜的後部邊緣。 身體淡色的透明肉質的褐色, 有銀色的斑紋側面下方; 沒有深色的線背面在頭部與背鰭之間。
A schooling species occurring in coastal waters and which appears to enter at least the estuarine parts of rivers and to tolerate brackish water. Coastal pelagic (Ref. 68964). Feeds most likely on zooplankton, but more data needed. Used as bait in the tuna fishery in the South Pacific, although said to be fragile. Also Ref. 58652.
出現在沿岸水域的一個群游性魚種而且那似乎進入至少河的河口部份與容忍半淡鹹水。 很有可能捕食浮游動物，但是更多的資料需要。 在菲律賓馬尼拉海灣，它游出來進入比較深而鹽分較高的水產卵,其後立刻回到近岸。 在印度支那加工成 nuoc-man(魚醃汁).。 (參考文獻 4929) 在南太平洋的鮪魚業當作魚餌., 雖然據說是易損壞的。 也參考文獻 58652.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
In Manila Bay, migrates out into deeper and more saline water to breed (at about 9 cm SL and above), returning immediately thereafter. 印度-太平洋: 紅海與南非, 包括波斯灣, 馬達加斯加與模里西斯向東至香港, 阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819), 北部與澳洲的東岸與進一步的東至美屬薩摩亞與大溪地島。
Hata, H., S. Lavoué and H. Motomura, 2021. Taxonomic status of nominal species of the anchovy genus Stolephorus previously regarded as synonyms of Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepède 1803 and Stolephorus indicus (van Hasselt 1823), and descriptions of three new species (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae). Ichthyol. Res. 68(3):327-372. (Ref. 123745)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 March 2017
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 28.7, mean 27.9 °C (based on 362 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00352 - 0.00621), b=3.14 (3.10 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.71-1.42).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 388 [142, 1,010] mg/100g; Iron = 2.22 [1.20, 3.83] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.1, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.28 [0.12, 0.64] g/100g; Selenium = 59.4 [25.1, 135.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.6 [6.0, 101.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.38 [1.55, 3.73] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
