分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
隆頭魚科 (Wrasses)
Etymology: Labrus: Name from Latin 'labrum' for lip, rim or edge; referring to the big lips of the fishes of the genus (from Ovid and Pliny according to Petrus Artedi).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 5292), usually 2 - 30 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 64°N - 27°N, 32°W - 22°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, including Madeira, the Azores and the Canary Islands. Doubtful reports from Mediterranean, Adriatic and Marmara seas (Ref. 4742), where it is often confused with Labrus merula.
東大西洋: 挪威到摩洛哥, 包括馬得拉群島，亞速群島與加納利群島。 可疑的來自地中海的紀錄, 亞得里亞海的與馬爾馬拉海海洋.(參考文獻 4742)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 65.9 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4742); 最大体重: 4.4 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 34 年 (Ref. 131345)
Body rather massive. Mouth small with thick lips and large conical teeth. Coloration very variable, brownish and greenish predominating (Ref. 35388).
身体相当大。 嘴小且有厚唇与大的锥形齿。 颜色非常可变的，褐色的与呈绿色的成为主流.(参考文献 35388)
Adults are found in littoral (10-20 m) zone around rocks, offshore reefs, and seaweed. Young often in intertidal areas. All are born females and change sex when they are 4-14 years old (Ref. 35388). One (or more) female spawns in nest of algae, built by male in a crevice. Feed on crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 4742). Oviparous (Ref. 205).
岩石，外海礁石与海草的周围沿海地区 (10-20 公尺)。 常见于潮间带的区域中的幼鱼。 当他们 4-14 岁的时候，全部是天生的雌性而且改变性别。 (参考文献 35388) 一 (或更多)个母鱼在岩隙中被雄鱼建造的藻类的巢中产卵。 捕食甲壳动物与软件动物。 (参考文献 4742)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are laid in nest built from algae; male guards nest 1-2 weeks until larvae hatch (Ref. 35388); larvae are pelagic.東大西洋: 挪威到摩洛哥, 包括馬得拉群島，亞速群島與加納利群島。 可疑的來自地中海的紀錄, 亞得里亞海的與馬爾馬拉海海洋.(參考文獻 4742)
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.7 - 13.3, mean 10.5 °C (based on 376 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00541 - 0.01686), b=3.07 (2.92 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1; tmax=34; tm=2-9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.7 [4.4, 18.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.168 [0.091, 0.360] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [15.8, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.302 [0.162, 0.565] g/100g; Selenium = 7.99 [3.73, 17.31] μg/100g; VitaminA = 54.7 [13.8, 262.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.647 [0.426, 1.163] mg/100g (wet weight);
