Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino demersal; rango de profundidad 60 - 260 m (Ref. 4417). Tropical
Western Indian Ocean: known only from Natal, South Africa and southwest India, but probably more widely distributed.
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.5 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 55634); peso máximo publicado: 175.00 g (Ref. 55634)
Short description
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 68 - 72; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 52 - 55. Eyed side with about 5 longitudinal rows of dark rings; median fins with a row of small dark spots; dark spot near margin of pelvic fin (eyed side).
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Bothidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3322)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 24.6, mean 21.1 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00393 - 0.01013), b=3.04 (2.91 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 171 [77, 352] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.49, 2.02] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [14.8, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.171 [0.082, 0.355] g/100g; Selenium = 70 [32, 161] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [4.1, 59.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.88 [0.57, 1.33] mg/100g (wet weight);
