Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Pristidae (Sawfishes)
鋸鰩科 (Sawfishes)
Etymology: Pristis: Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Synonym of Pristis pristis (Linnaeus, 1758) according to Faria et al., 2012 (Ref. 93006:11) and Weigmann, 2016 (Ref. 106604); status confirmed by William White (pers. Comm., Feb 2016).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 10 m (Ref. 27000). 熱帶; 22°N - 39°S, 20°E - 154°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to New Guinea, north to the Philippines and Viet Nam, south to Australia. Also Atlantic and eastern Pacific if Pristis perotteti and Pristis zephyreus are synonymized with this species. The original description of Pristis microdon did not give a locality, but most authors have used the name Pristis microdon for the Indo-West Pacific sawfishes of this species group as contrasted from the Atlantic Pristis perotteti and the eastern Pacific Pristis zephyreus.
印度-西太平洋: 東非到新幾內亞, 北至菲律賓與越南, 南至澳洲。 也大西洋與東太平洋的如果 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與 Pristis zephyreus 是與本種同種異名。 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 的最初描述沒有給一個地點，但是大多數的作家過去使用名稱 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 對於這一個種群的印度-西太平洋鋸鮫對比大西洋的 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與東太平洋 Pristis zephyreus.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 270.0, range 240 - 300 cm
Max length : 700 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 58048); common length : 500 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2683); 最大體重: 600.0 kg (Ref. 3164); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 9859)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Diagnosis: A heavily-bodied sawfish with a short but massive saw which is broad-based, strongly tapering and with 14-22 very large teeth on each side; space between last 2 saw-teeth on sides less than 2 times space between first 2 teeth (Ref. 5578). Pectoral fins high and angular, 1st dorsal fin mostly in front of pelvic fins, and caudal fin with pronounced lower lobe (Ref. 5578).
一個身體很重的鋸鮫具有一個短，但是大的鋸子是基底寬的, 尖端非常細的而且與 14-22 非常大的牙齒在兩邊; 在側邊上的間隔的空間最後 2個鋸狀的牙齒少於兩倍間隔的空間最初 2個齒.(參考文獻 5578) 胸鰭高與有角的, 第一背鰭大部份在腹鰭之前, 而且尾鰭有明顯的下葉.(參考文獻 5578) 呈綠色的﹐灰色的或金褐色上方, 腹面乳黃色的.(參考文獻 5578)
Inhabits sandy or muddy bottoms of shallow coastal waters, estuaries, river mouths, and freshwater rivers and lakes. Usually found in turbid channels of large rivers over soft mud bottoms (Ref. 2847, 44894). Adults usually found in estuaries and young ascend into fresh water. Large adults can also be found in fresh water, but are rarely caught (Ref. 12693). Feeds on benthic animals and small schooling species. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). The saw is used for grubbing and attacking prey as well as for defense. The saws sell as tourist souvenirs (Ref. 7248). Occasionally caught by demersal tangle net and trawl fisheries in the Arafura Sea; possibly extinct in parts of the Indo-Pacific; highly susceptible to gill nets. Utilized for its fins and meat (both of very high value), and skin and cartilage (Ref.58048). Attains 4.6 m total length (Ref. 52193).
棲息於沿岸淺水區，河口，河口與淡水河川與湖泊的沙底或泥底。 大河軟泥底上面的通常發現於混濁峽道.(參考文獻 2847) 出現於大的裂與河口, 具有成魚通常發現於河口與幼魚上溯進入淡水。 大的成魚也能被發現於淡水, 但是被很少地捕捉.(參考文獻 12693) 吃底棲的動物與小的群游性種。 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 鋸子被用來翻掘而且攻擊獵物以及對於防衛。 鋸子賣來作遊客的紀念品。 (參考文獻 7248) 在市場上銷售鹽醃的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Gestation period about 5 months (Ref. 9859); litter size 1- 13 (Ref. 5578). Probably breeds in freshwater (Ref.58048). 印度-西太平洋: 東非到新幾內亞, 北至菲律賓與越南, 南至澳洲。 也大西洋與東太平洋的如果 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與 Pristis zephyreus 是與本種同種異名。 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 的最初描述沒有給一個地點，但是大多數的作家過去使用名稱 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 對於這一個種群的印度-西太平洋鋸鮫對比大西洋的 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與東太平洋 Pristis zephyreus.
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2653 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5234 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00195 - 0.01230), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (tm=10; tmax=30; Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [3.0, 64.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.512 [0.120, 1.459] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.2, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0888 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 53.2 [15.0, 189.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.43 [1.44, 13.30] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.681 [0.321, 1.284] mg/100g (wet weight);
