Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Pristidae (Sawfishes)
Etymology: Pristis: Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Synonym of Pristis pristis (Linnaeus, 1758) according to Faria et al., 2012 (Ref. 93006:11) and Weigmann, 2016 (Ref. 106604); status confirmed by William White (pers. Comm., Feb 2016).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非产卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 10 m (Ref. 27000). 熱帶; 22°N - 39°S, 20°E - 154°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to New Guinea, north to the Philippines and Viet Nam, south to Australia. Also Atlantic and eastern Pacific if Pristis perotteti and Pristis zephyreus are synonymized with this species. The original description of Pristis microdon did not give a locality, but most authors have used the name Pristis microdon for the Indo-West Pacific sawfishes of this species group as contrasted from the Atlantic Pristis perotteti and the eastern Pacific Pristis zephyreus.
印度-西太平洋: 東非到新幾內亞, 北至菲律賓與越南, 南至澳洲。 也大西洋與東太平洋的如果 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與 Pristis zephyreus 是與本種同種異名。 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 的最初描述沒有給一個地點，但是大多數的作家過去使用名稱 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 對於這一個種群的印度-西太平洋鋸鮫對比大西洋的 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與東太平洋 Pristis zephyreus.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 270.0, range 240 - 300 cm
Max length : 700 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58048); common length : 500 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2683); 最大体重: 600.0 kg (Ref. 3164); 最大年龄: 30 年 (Ref. 9859)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Diagnosis: A heavily-bodied sawfish with a short but massive saw which is broad-based, strongly tapering and with 14-22 very large teeth on each side; space between last 2 saw-teeth on sides less than 2 times space between first 2 teeth (Ref. 5578). Pectoral fins high and angular, 1st dorsal fin mostly in front of pelvic fins, and caudal fin with pronounced lower lobe (Ref. 5578).
一个身体很重的锯鲛具有一个短，但是大的锯子是基底宽的, 尖端非常细的而且与 14-22 非常大的牙齿在两边; 在侧边上的间隔的空间最后 2个锯状的牙齿少于两倍间隔的空间最初 2个齿.(参考文献 5578) 胸鳍高与有角的, 第一背鳍大部份在腹鳍之前, 而且尾鳍有明显的下叶.(参考文献 5578) 呈绿色的，灰色的或金褐色上方, 腹面乳黄色的.(参考文献 5578)
Inhabits sandy or muddy bottoms of shallow coastal waters, estuaries, river mouths, and freshwater rivers and lakes. Usually found in turbid channels of large rivers over soft mud bottoms (Ref. 2847, 44894). Adults usually found in estuaries and young ascend into fresh water. Large adults can also be found in fresh water, but are rarely caught (Ref. 12693). Feeds on benthic animals and small schooling species. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). The saw is used for grubbing and attacking prey as well as for defense. The saws sell as tourist souvenirs (Ref. 7248). Occasionally caught by demersal tangle net and trawl fisheries in the Arafura Sea; possibly extinct in parts of the Indo-Pacific; highly susceptible to gill nets. Utilized for its fins and meat (both of very high value), and skin and cartilage (Ref.58048). Attains 4.6 m total length (Ref. 52193).
栖息于沿岸浅水区，河口，河口与淡水河川与湖泊的沙底或泥底。 大河软泥底上面的通常发现于混浊峡道.(参考文献 2847,44894) 成鱼通常发现于河口，而且幼鱼上溯进入淡水。 大的成鱼也能被发现于淡水, 但是被很少地捕捉.(参考文献 12693) 吃底栖的动物与小的群游性种。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 锯子被用来翻掘而且攻击猎物以及对于防卫。 锯子卖来作游客的纪念品。 (参考文献 7248) 在市场上销售盐腌的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Gestation period about 5 months (Ref. 9859); litter size 1- 13 (Ref. 5578). Probably breeds in freshwater (Ref.58048). 印度-西太平洋: 東非到新幾內亞, 北至菲律賓與越南, 南至澳洲。 也大西洋與東太平洋的如果 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與 Pristis zephyreus 是與本種同種異名。 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 的最初描述沒有給一個地點，但是大多數的作家過去使用名稱 小齒鋸鰩〔Pristis microdon〕 對於這一個種群的印度-西太平洋鋸鮫對比大西洋的 大齒鋸鰩〔Pristis perotteti〕 與東太平洋 Pristis zephyreus.
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2653 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5234 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00195 - 0.01230), b=3.05 (2.83 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (tm=10; tmax=30; Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [3.0, 64.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.512 [0.120, 1.459] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.2, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0888 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 53.2 [15.0, 189.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.43 [1.44, 13.30] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.681 [0.321, 1.284] mg/100g (wet weight);
